Haitong Lecture
認股證攻略 第一節

甚麼是認股證?

大家好,歡迎收睇海通教室,大家了解完咩叫牛熊證之後,跟住我地又會同大家講解另一種被視為中短線的投資工具。

認股證又稱窩輪,是期權的一種,可與股票、指數或商品等相關資產掛勾。它同樣有槓桿效應,能擴大正股的升跌幅,如投資者看對股市走勢,將可獲得較多的回報。若看錯方向,虧損亦會擴大,不過最大損失只限於本金。

認購證(Call輪): 投資者若看好相關資產價格上升,可考慮買Call輪,擴大升幅回報。
認沽證(Put輪):
投資者若預期相關資產價格下跌,可考慮買Put輪,捕捉跌浪。

至於認股證價格由時間值及內在值組成

認股證價格 = 時間值+內在值

時間值

時間值愈長,窩輪價值愈高,因多了時間讓正股升跌至行使價位置,風險較低。相反年期愈短,價值愈低,槓桿比率一般都會較高,風險亦較高。

內在值

另外,只有價內窩輪有內在值,價外及平價輪證均沒有內在值。 甚麼叫價內呢?就Call輪而言,當正股的價格高於行使價叫價內,假如正股價格$60,call輪行使價$55,代表該認股證行駛時已產生價值。當Call輪愈價內,內在值會愈高。

認購(Call輪)內在值:(正股價格- 行使價) / 換股比率

若正股的價格等於行使價,即正股價格$60,Call輪行使價$60,則稱為平價。

如果正股價格低於行駛價,即係正股價格$60,Call輪行使價要$65,就稱為價外,並未產生價值。價外證的潛在升幅較高,風險及回報相對亦較高。不過投資者若持有價外認購證至到期日,其剩餘價值為零。 至於Put輪就相反,認沽證(Put輪)內在值:(行使價 - 正股價格) / 換股比率

至於Put輪就相反,認沽證(Put輪)內在值:(行使價 - 正股價格) / 換股比率

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